Synthesis Database

70 of 70 protocols

Acetanilide

C8H9NO

Organic Synthesisbeginner
1-2 hours90% yield
Aniline is toxic. Work in fume hood.
Built-in Protocol
Adipic Acid (Green Route)

C6H10O4

Green Chemistryintermediate
4-5 hours70% yield
Hydrogen peroxide is oxidizer. Handle carefully.
Built-in Protocol
Aldol Condensation (Dibenzalacetone)

C17H14O

Organic Synthesisbeginner
2-3 hours75% yield
Benzaldehyde is irritant. NaOH is caustic.
Built-in Protocol
Aluminum Anodizing

Al2O3

Electrochemistryintermediate
1-2 hours98% yield
Sulfuric acid is corrosive. Electrical hazard.
Built-in Protocol
Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

C9H8O4

Pharmaceuticalbeginner
2-3 hours85% yield
Acetic anhydride is corrosive. Use fume hood. Avoid skin contact.
Built-in Protocol
Barium Sulfate Precipitation

BaSO4

Inorganic Synthesisbeginner
30 minutes98% yield
Barium compounds are toxic if soluble.
Built-in Protocol
Benzaldehyde from Toluene

C7H6O

Organic Synthesisintermediate
4-6 hours60% yield
Chromium compounds are toxic and carcinogenic.
Built-in Protocol
Benzocaine

C9H11NO2

Pharmaceuticalintermediate
4-5 hours75% yield
Use proper ventilation. p-Aminobenzoic acid irritant.
Built-in Protocol
Biodiesel (FAME)

Variable

Green Chemistrybeginner
2-3 hours92% yield
Methanol is toxic and flammable. NaOH is corrosive.
Built-in Protocol
Birch Reduction

C6H10

Organic Synthesisadvanced
3-4 hours70% yield
Sodium metal is pyrophoric. Ammonia is toxic.
Built-in Protocol
Caffeine Extraction

C8H10N4O2

Natural Productsbeginner
3-4 hours70% yield
Dichloromethane is toxic. Use fume hood.
Built-in Protocol
Calcium Carbonate Precipitation

CaCO3

Inorganic Synthesisbeginner
30 minutes95% yield
Calcium hydroxide is caustic.
Built-in Protocol
Cannizzaro Reaction

C7H8O + C7H6O2

Organic Synthesisbeginner
2-3 hours80% yield
Concentrated NaOH is caustic.
Built-in Protocol
Chlorine Gas (Electrolysis)

Cl2

Electrochemistryintermediate
2-3 hours90% yield
Chlorine is toxic. Work in fume hood with scrubber.
Built-in Protocol
Cinnamaldehyde

C9H8O

Natural Productsintermediate
4-5 hours65% yield
Aldehyde is irritant.
Built-in Protocol
Cisplatin

Pt(NH3)2Cl2

Pharmaceuticalexpert
6-8 hours50% yield
Platinum compounds are toxic. Use gloves.
Built-in Protocol
Citric Acid

C6H8O7

Biochemistryintermediate
5-7 days60% yield
Fermentation process. Sterile technique required.
Built-in Protocol
Clemmensen Reduction

C7H8

Organic Synthesisintermediate
4-6 hours75% yield
Zinc amalgam contains mercury. HCl is corrosive.
Built-in Protocol
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate

CuSO4·5H2O

Inorganic Synthesisbeginner
1-2 hours95% yield
Sulfuric acid is corrosive. Copper compounds are toxic.
Built-in Protocol
Coumarin

C9H6O2

Natural Productsintermediate
3-4 hours70% yield
Salicylaldehyde is irritant.
Built-in Protocol
DEET

C12H17NO

Industrial Chemistryintermediate
4-5 hours75% yield
m-Toluic acid is irritant.
Built-in Protocol
Diels-Alder Reaction (Cyclohexene)

C6H10

Organic Synthesisintermediate
4-6 hours80% yield
Butadiene is flammable gas. Work in fume hood.
Built-in Protocol
Electroplating (Chrome)

Cr

Electrochemistryadvanced
3-5 hours85% yield
Chromic acid is highly toxic and carcinogenic.
Built-in Protocol
Electroplating (Copper)

Cu

Electrochemistrybeginner
1-3 hours95% yield
Copper sulfate is toxic. Acid solutions corrosive.
Built-in Protocol
Electroplating (Nickel)

Ni

Electrochemistryintermediate
2-4 hours90% yield
Nickel salts are carcinogenic. Use PPE.
Built-in Protocol
Ethanol Fermentation

C2H5OH

Green Chemistrybeginner
3-7 days85% yield
Maintain sterile conditions. Ethanol is flammable.
Built-in Protocol
Ethyl Acetate

C4H8O2

Organic Synthesisbeginner
2-3 hours80% yield
Flammable. Use fume hood. No open flames.
Built-in Protocol
Eugenol Acetate

C12H14O3

Natural Productsbeginner
2-3 hours85% yield
Acetic anhydride is corrosive.
Built-in Protocol
Ferrocene

C10H10Fe

Organometallicintermediate
3-4 hours70% yield
Cyclopentadiene is volatile. Iron chloride is corrosive.
Built-in Protocol
Fluorescein

C20H12O5

Analytical Reagentsintermediate
5-6 hours65% yield
Resorcinol is irritant. Use adequate ventilation.
Built-in Protocol
Friedel-Crafts Acylation

C8H8O

Organic Synthesisintermediate
3-4 hours75% yield
Acetyl chloride is corrosive. AlCl3 moisture sensitive.
Built-in Protocol
Friedel-Crafts Alkylation

C7H8

Organic Synthesisintermediate
3-4 hours70% yield
AlCl3 reacts with water. HCl evolution.
Built-in Protocol
Gold Nanoparticles

Au

Nanomaterialsintermediate
1-2 hours75% yield
Chloroauric acid is corrosive.
Built-in Protocol
Grignard Reagent (Phenylmagnesium Bromide)

C6H5MgBr

Organometallicintermediate
2-3 hours85% yield
Highly moisture sensitive. Use dry glassware. Ether is flammable.
Built-in Protocol
Hexaamminecobalt(III) Chloride

[Co(NH3)6]Cl3

Inorganic Synthesisintermediate
4-5 hours70% yield
Cobalt compounds are toxic. Ammonia irritant.
Built-in Protocol
Hydrogen Gas (Electrolysis)

H2

Electrochemistrybeginner
1-2 hours95% yield
Hydrogen is highly flammable. Ensure ventilation.
Built-in Protocol
Ibuprofen

C13H18O2

Pharmaceuticaladvanced
8-10 hours55% yield
Multiple hazardous intermediates. Careful handling.
Built-in Protocol
Indigo

C16H10N2O2

Organic Synthesisadvanced
6-8 hours45% yield
Use proper ventilation. Handle intermediates with care.
Built-in Protocol
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

Fe3O4

Nanomaterialsintermediate
3-4 hours80% yield
Iron salts are mild irritants.
Built-in Protocol
Kolbe Electrolysis

C2H6

Electrochemistryintermediate
2-3 hours50% yield
Ethane is flammable gas. Ensure ventilation.
Built-in Protocol
Lidocaine

C14H22N2O

Pharmaceuticaladvanced
6-8 hours65% yield
Handle with care. Multiple hazardous intermediates.
Built-in Protocol
Luminol

C8H7N3O2

Analytical Reagentsadvanced
8-10 hours55% yield
Hydrazine is toxic and carcinogenic. Strict safety protocols.
Built-in Protocol
Methyl Orange

C14H14N3NaO3S

Analytical Reagentsintermediate
3-4 hours70% yield
Diazonium compounds are unstable. Keep cold.
Built-in Protocol
Methyl Salicylate

C8H8O3

Natural Productsbeginner
2-3 hours80% yield
Product is toxic if ingested in quantity.
Built-in Protocol
Nylon 6,6

(C12H22N2O2)n

Polymer Chemistryintermediate
2-3 hours85% yield
Adipoyl chloride is corrosive. Hexamethylenediamine is irritant.
Built-in Protocol
Paracetamol (Acetaminophen)

C8H9NO2

Pharmaceuticalbeginner
2-3 hours88% yield
p-Aminophenol is toxic. Use gloves and fume hood.
Built-in Protocol
Phenacetin

C10H13NO2

Pharmaceuticalintermediate
3-4 hours70% yield
p-Phenetidine is toxic.
Built-in Protocol
Phenolphthalein

C20H14O4

Analytical Reagentsintermediate
4-5 hours60% yield
Phthalic anhydride irritant. Phenol is corrosive.
Built-in Protocol
Poly(methyl methacrylate)

(C5H8O2)n

Polymer Chemistrybeginner
4-5 hours88% yield
MMA is flammable. Initiators are oxidizers.
Built-in Protocol
Polystyrene

(C8H8)n

Polymer Chemistrybeginner
3-4 hours90% yield
Styrene is flammable and toxic. Use fume hood.
Built-in Protocol
Polyurethane Foam

Variable

Polymer Chemistryintermediate
30 minutes95% yield
Isocyanates are toxic and sensitizers. Full PPE required.
Built-in Protocol
Potassium Ferricyanide

K3[Fe(CN)6]

Inorganic Synthesisintermediate
2-3 hours80% yield
Can release HCN with acids. Do not acidify.
Built-in Protocol
Potassium Permanganate

KMnO4

Inorganic Synthesisintermediate
4-5 hours75% yield
Strong oxidizer. Can cause fires with organics.
Built-in Protocol
Potassium Trioxalatoferrate(III)

K3[Fe(C2O4)3]·3H2O

Inorganic Synthesisintermediate
3-4 hours85% yield
Oxalic acid is toxic. Iron solutions stain.
Built-in Protocol
Procaine

C13H20N2O2

Pharmaceuticaladvanced
6-8 hours60% yield
Multiple hazardous intermediates.
Built-in Protocol
Prussian Blue

Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3

Inorganic Synthesisbeginner
1-2 hours95% yield
Cyanide precursors - handle with care.
Built-in Protocol
Saccharin

C7H5NO3S

Industrial Chemistryadvanced
6-8 hours55% yield
Chlorosulfonic acid is corrosive.
Built-in Protocol
Salicylic Acid

C7H6O3

Pharmaceuticalbeginner
2-3 hours85% yield
Sodium hydroxide is caustic. Product is irritant.
Built-in Protocol
Sandmeyer Reaction (Chlorobenzene)

C6H5Cl

Organic Synthesisintermediate
3-4 hours60% yield
Diazonium salts are explosive when dry. Keep cold.
Built-in Protocol
Silver Nanoparticles

Ag

Nanomaterialsintermediate
2-3 hours70% yield
Silver nitrate stains skin. Use gloves.
Built-in Protocol
Soap (Saponification)

Variable

Green Chemistrybeginner
2-3 hours90% yield
Sodium hydroxide is caustic. Wear gloves and goggles.
Built-in Protocol
Sodium Hypochlorite

NaClO

Inorganic Synthesisbeginner
1-2 hours90% yield
Chlorine gas is toxic. Work in fume hood.
Built-in Protocol
Sulfanilamide

C6H8N2O2S

Pharmaceuticalintermediate
5-6 hours65% yield
Chlorosulfonic acid is corrosive. Ammonia toxic.
Built-in Protocol
Tartaric Acid Extraction

C4H6O6

Natural Productsbeginner
4-5 hours60% yield
Use proper ventilation.
Built-in Protocol
Tetraamminecopper(II) Sulfate

[Cu(NH3)4]SO4·H2O

Inorganic Synthesisbeginner
1-2 hours90% yield
Ammonia is irritant. Copper compounds toxic to aquatic life.
Built-in Protocol
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

TiO2

Nanomaterialsintermediate
4-6 hours75% yield
Titanium precursors are corrosive.
Built-in Protocol
Urea

CH4N2O

Industrial Chemistryintermediate
4-6 hours75% yield
Ammonia is toxic. High pressure process.
Built-in Protocol
Vanillin from Lignin

C8H8O3

Natural Productsadvanced
6-8 hours40% yield
Strong base is corrosive. Oxidizers present.
Built-in Protocol
Wittig Reaction (Stilbene)

C14H12

Organic Synthesisintermediate
4-5 hours65% yield
n-BuLi is pyrophoric. Strict anhydrous conditions.
Built-in Protocol
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

ZnO

Nanomaterialsintermediate
3-4 hours80% yield
Zinc salts are mildly toxic.
Built-in Protocol